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Zero emission e orts
48V hybrid topologies have the potential to become a widespread standard in
the automotive market as a result of their benefits in CO2 emissions reductions
The movement for a
sustainable automotive future
is leading to a strong governmental
push towards a CO neutral
transport sector and significant
improvements in air quality. The
combination of stringent emission
legislation in addition to real drive
emissions regulations and
demanding CO limits is behind the
move to electrification technology
in the vehicle propulsion system.
To help encourage consumer
adoption of electrification
technology, sustainable and
a ordable solutions need to provide
maximum benefits at a minimum
cost, without sacrificing vehicle
performance, driving range, trunk
space or payload.
In order for OEMs to make the
right technology choice for their
propulsion system, real life use case
testing has been analyzed in
exercises such as tackling a garage
slope, driving over bricks, climbing
gradients, or traveling in climates
from 30°C to 60°C (86°F to 140°F).
This has been conducted within
a small vehicle with an average
payload of 380kg (837lbs) and a
vehicle mass of 1,250kg (2,755lbs).
The conclusion from the use cases
reveals that an average electric
driving range of 22km (13 miles) is
su icient enough to cover inner city
use and provide city access
throughout Europe.
Although current state-of-the-art
48V systems show moderate
potential in terms of cost and added
value to the consumer, these 48V
hybrid topologies have the potential
to become a widespread standard
in the automotive market as a result
of their benefits in CO and
emissions reductions.
An electrical system needs to
manage costs as well as voltage.
The key requirement for the system
synthesis is managing high currents
for limited time and consequently
using a limited amount of energy.
The use of system engineering
methodology, which models the
relation of requirements, provides
a structured path to find the right
optimum for this.
Reusing the common
combination of battery and dual
layer capacitor is a viable option
compared to other concepts as the
capacity will be integrated in the
drive unit in order to minimize
losses. With the number of dual
layer capacitors related to the power
and energy requirement rather than
a required voltage level, a coste
ective design can be achieved.
184 // July 2019 // www.electrichybridvehicletechnology.com
With a clear vision for sustainable
and a ordable mobility, AVL is
developing technology to
understand the feasibility of 48V
plug-in hybrid systems for small
vehicles from the A-C segment.
Therefore, a novel system design is
developed leveraging as much as
possible from the existing supply
chain to enable fast industrialization.
To demonstrate the technology’s
abilities, an add-on P4 solution
utilizing a highly-e icient, strongly
millerized TGDI engine combined
with a 5.2kWh battery based on
BEV cells, which provides 25kW
peak power, has produced
encouraging results of around
60g of CO2 emitted per kilometer in
real life operation.
However, achieving the highest
potential for recuperation and
reducing the energy usage for
driving requires an approach that
looks beyond the propulsion system.
As such, AVL also works on drag
coe icient and rolling resistance
optimization of the vehicle to provide
a multi-faceted approach for
electrified propulsion systems to
ensure high driveability and low CO
for the best cost.
48V is an affordable approach towards local zero emissions
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